That Thing You Write - Antagonist

3. Antagonist - sometimes referred to as the villain, the bad guy, or nemesis, this is the character who opposes the protagonist or hero. The antagonist is the necessary element which provides a story's conflict.

The Templar Brian de Bois-Guilbert for example, in Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe, is an evil nemesis from beginning to end, while Cedric the Saxon's character plays only minor antagonism to the hero, Wilfred of Ivanhoe.

Sometimes the antagonist is not always so clear cut, such as when the perceived villain turns out to be other than what the writer originally made you believe about him. The Harry Potter novels are filled with delightful, shady flip flops between character tendencies toward hero and villain, designed to keep an audience guessing and always surprised.

Also, the antagonist does not always have to be an actual character, but is sometimes just a force which works against the hero in the tale, such as a rash of bad luck, a severe storm, etc.

That Thing You Write - Allusion

2. Allusion - Within one literary work, it is the practice of making reference to another work, such as a film, a work of art, a book or novel, or even a real event. While allusions may be used to draw upon the collective understanding between writer and audience, they do occasionally run the risk of alienating those in an audience who have no familiarity with what has been alluded to.


One of my favorite allusions is a reference from To Kill A Mockingbird, which comes from the movie Benny & Joon. After Benny discloses to Sam that Joon suffers from chronic schizophrenia, Sam sneaks down to the kitchen, staring at Joon from the stairwell. After spying him from the corner of her eye, Joon asks him: "Having a Boo Radley moment, are we?"

Of course, for someone who has never seen or read To Kill A Mockingbird, this line would not be obvious in drawing reference between Sam's blank stares and Boo Radley's blank stares.

That Thing You Write - Alliteration

Coming up:
A list of fifty-three commonly used terms used by writers of fiction.


1. Alliteration - the use of repetitious consonant sounds in a verse or sentence, more commonly used in poetry, but many fiction writers sometimes make use of it (sometimes without even realizing it) to convey rhythmic styles in narrative or dialogue, place emphasis on certain mental imagery -- or for humorous effects.

Most often the use of alliteration will strike a chord in the flow of speech and literature, giving it a comforting sound or rhythm. Such as in Shakespeare's Sonnet XXX:
"When to the sessions of sweet silent thought...."

Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream:
"Whereat, with blade, with bloody blameful blade,
He bravely breach'd his boiling bloody breast."

Robert Browning's A Grammarian's Funeral:
"No! yonder sparkle is the citadel's
Circling its summit.
Thither our path lies; wind we up the heights:
Wait ye the warning?"


And of course some extreme and rather humorous examples of repetitive consonants for example:
A big black bug bit a big black bear and made the big black bear bleed blood.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
She sells seashells by the seashore.